Sandip Patil

Caveats of present waste management process.

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compost 2Bprocess Guidebest Compost Techniques.

Caveats of present waste management process.

The current status involves collection, transport and disposal strategy. Waste is collected from different areas and sent to disposal at dumping ground sites which are currently servicing the city and are already overburdened with waste.  The following things are related to present waste management Process. 

Waste management Process

 

Dumping grounds 

 

The current dumping grounds in Mumbai are in Deonar, Mulund and Gorai. The combined area of the 3 landfills is 140 hectares. Area of Mumbai in comparison is 60340 hectares. Thus landfills constitute only 0.22% of the total area of Mumbai. The term landfilling refers to the practice where waste is being disposed and stored under more or less controlled conditions. Principles of landfilling include compaction, leveling of waste and final covering by earth, leachate collection system and landfill gas extraction. However due to space constraints and opposition from various citizens to create landfills spaces makes this option a far less viable option in the future.

 

Concerns regarding landfills 

  • Effects biodiversity as species that thrive on refuse (rats, crows etc.) compete with other local species thus endangering them.

  • Leachate production.

  • Health impacts for nearby residing residents.(landfills operate as mosquitoes breeding grounds)

  • Unpleasant visual effects due to the sites ruining natural landscape and the protest of citizens towards landfills as they cause problem of vermin, spread of diseases and also lower property prices.

 

Debris Disposal

 

Mumbai generates about 2000 tons of construction debris. As transportation of such debris is deemed to be expensive towards the dumping sites, various construction activities in Mumbai that generate waste will use loopholes and illegal ways to dump the construction debris. Due to lack of space in Mumbai the waste has to be carried off towards long distances. This increases the transportation cost leading to the business becoming ‘unprofitable’. Thus such debris is dumped into the creeks which affects the ecosystem of mangroves. The ecosystem of creeks in regions of Vasai, Gorai, Mankhurd are already endangered due to illegal dumping of waste. 

 

Open burning, landfill fires resulting in deterioration of air quality- 

 

On January 27th 2016 Mumbai witnessed a smog generated due to a mysterious fire that started in the deonar dumping grounds. The fire was huge enough to cause a smog in the city for 3 days and was visible by satellites in outer space. Regions in Mumbai had seen huge levels of pollution levels with the air quality index reaching 347 which comes into hazardous category seriously affecting health of citizens in Mumbai. As a result schools were closed for 2 days with citizens advised to remain at homes. 

There is also the problem of open waste burning in various parts of India. Open waste burning primarily occurs due to the following reasons. 

 

  • Open burning by rag pickers to isolate metals from waste. 

  • Open burning by residents and and municipal workers to reduce MSW.

  • Open burning by homeless people for warmth generation at night. 

 

While NGT has imposed a ban on open burning of waste with a fine upto 25000 rupees. The law is generally not implemented. 

 

A 2010 study by NEERI in Mumbai conducted about air quality assessment has stated about 2% of total MSW waste generated is burnt on the streets and about 10 % of the waste is burnt in landfills.

MSW burning results in largest contribution towards Carbon Monoxide and PM (particulate matter )

Sourced from cpcb.nic.in

Carbon Monoxide ratio graphThus as explained in the above pie chart open burning is the 3rd largest contributor towards CO pollution in MumbaiDeonar burning as witnessed from satellites. Co Polution Waste Management

Water pollution- 

 

In landfills biological degradation of waste results in generation of leachate. Such leachate can pollute the water sources nearby the landfill areas and may also pollute the groundwater.  Water Polution

 

Leachates are generally formed due to anaerobic decomposition of biodegradable waste which is often mixed with heavy metals (such as chromium, lead, nickel )developed from inorganic waste. Such metals increase the solubility of iron and manganese in groundwater thus increasing the concentration resulting in increased groundwater pollution.

 

Impact on Climate change 

 

Climate change caused due to anthropogenic activities is one of the biggest problems the world has to face. Due to waste storage at landfills in particular, there are incidences of methane releases. Such methane released due to solid waste management operations should be captured. Thus organic waste which is decomposed at landfills have the problem of anaerobic decomposition leading to formation of methane gas. Thus to prevent methane formation it is essential to avoid an-aerobic decomposition. 

 

Thus, we expect you to see forward towards different ideas for completely eliminating waste and drawn them into compost. Since, nature is the return cycle what we pay have to repent ourselves. We provide the solution of all these predicaments. In case of any queries or grievances you can visit us at klimrus,in

 

Waste Management Current structure

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waste 2Bmanagement Guidebest Compost Techniques.

Current Management Structure

Waste is very serious matter that we have to dispose in our way but if we are thinking about society or bulk waste generater, how to manage waste is curiosity, today we are giving here graph of current structure how does waste management work?

Proper management of waste is important for building sustainable and livable cities, but it remains a challenge for many developing countries and cities.

we are explaining current situation in Mumbai area,

Waste Management Structure

 

Waste management responsibility is taken formally by the MCGM. The current mechanism involves collection , transport and disposal strategy. Waste is collected from different areas in Mumbai and sent to disposal at 3 dumping ground (Deonar, Mulund and Gorai )sites which are currently services the city and are already overburdened with waste.  The following mechanism explains the present structure. 

A large portion of waste management practices deal with municipal Solid Waste (MSW) which is the bulk of the waste that is created by household, industrial, and commercial activity.

algorithm chart waste managemet

Waste Management provides solid waste collection services for residential, industrial, municipal and commercial customers .

The garbage collectors employed by various housing societies, entities etc. collect the garbage on door to door basis and dump it near the community bins strategically placed at various areas. There are more than 5800 community bins in Mumbai alone. Here manual or mechanical compactors are used to collect waste from such community bins and and then sent to a transfer station. In case of Mumbai the transfer stations are located at Mahalaxmi, Kurla and Versova. The transfer stations are basically stations for smaller vehicles that bring the garbage from point sources and community bins. The garbage is thus transferred from smaller vehicles to larger vehicles capable of transferring the waste towards the disposal sites. 

Various types of vehicles are used to transport the garbage. Those include open flat-bed trucks, covered trucks, mobile compactors, tarpaulin covered vehicles . 

transport the garbage waste Management

transport the garbage waste

Tarpaulin garbage (construction debris carrier)

transport the garbage waste

A garbage truck (closed bed )

In Mumbai 

 

Mode of Transportation 

Percentage 

  

Garbage trucks

70%

  

Mobile tempos 

10%

  

Tarpaulin covered garbage truck

20%

  

 

Dispose of waste:

Waste Management has the largest number of landfills in the industry. Utilizing the most advanced engineering, construction and monitoring methods, these landfills serve the disposal needs of geographic markets across the U.S. and Canada and adhere to the highest standards of safety and environmental responsibility.

 

Composting 


Composting signifies biological decomposition of organic material. Microorganisms decompose the organic material to a stabilized product, i.e. compost. The end product can be used as soil conditioner. The compost generated consists of useful bacteria which can help plants with numerous benefits such as nitrogen fixation, helps soil for water retention, adds nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Thus benefits of compost are numerous and unlike the above alternatives this method seems viable and sustainable in the long run. It is also in sync with nature in general. Composting has the following benefits to agriculture and environment. 

 

Environment 

 

  • Directs waste away from landfills resulting in less accumulation of garbage and reduces leachate production (which could contaminate underground resources )

  • Reduces foul odors

  • Avoids methane production in landfills 

  • Helps in afforestation programmes and increases the survivability of plants. 

  • Reduces need for landfill space*

 


Agriculture

 
 

Helps maintain soil ph levels 

Adds water retention capacity of the soil
Adds organic matter, humus which supplements the soil.
Reduces fertilizer requirement
Provides a market for compost making and selling thus creating an extra income for the farmers 
Compost attracts earthworms thus helping in better soil aeration.
Helps restore soil conditions as microbes are affected with high usage of chemical fertilizers.

 

About 95% of waste generated in the city is disposed in such manner.Now multiple Techniques invented to dispose waste and reuse or recycle. there are many machines and methods are there to dispose waste collected waste can disposed later on on dumping ground or reuse by machines.

 

can we reduce food waste-reuse waste

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vermi 2Bcompost Guidebest Compost Techniques.

How will we tend to cut back food waste..best methods to reduce food waste

Vermicomposting.

 
Vermicomposting.-reduce food waste

 

Various strategies that incorporate wet waste composting through the utilization of earthworms have conjointly been undertaken. The worms eat away the wet waste and turn out usable compost.

suitable atmosphere is provided for vermicomposting to require place.However such composting processes take large quantity of land and time consumption still. Vermicompost is incredibly smart methodology to try to to compost, wet waste composting through the utilization of earthworms have conjointly been undertaken. The worms eat away the wet waste and turn out usable compost. AN appropriate atmosphere is provided for vermicomposting to require place. but such composting processes take large quantity of land and time consumption still however it results higher quality output ever. because of process you have got to require care of warms as per atmosphere. so reduce food waste by using vermicomposting method.

reduce food waste

reduce food waste

 

Such style of composting is made by entities that have ample house or property to use such techniques. vermicomposting techniques is additionally easy to use however properly to use such techniques area unit vital, you simply create one aerated box like compost bin and keep your waste and leave earth warms within, maintenance of vermicompost techniques area unit high as compared to different techniques however compost quality is very higher as compared to different techniques.

Composting pits:

Pit is employed for making ready Compost, it’s terribly straightforward methodology to try to to composting.

Composting pits

reduce food waste

it is very important to know one of the best method to reduce food waste is compost pit, recycling of room scraps and also the creation of a natural chemical for garden plants and vegetables. Compost pits provide an easy and free various to buying or building a compost bin, as they’re created right within the ground among your yard.
Such style of composting is made by entities that have ample house or property to use such techniques

benefits:

Easy to arrange compost.
Zero cost.
Help to scale back the waste.
Clean atmosphere.

The Compost Tumbler:
Compost Tumbler

reduce food waste

Composting Tumbler is best Technology to Convert your Organic Waste into compost and with facilitate of this results smart quality compost. Compost Tumbler Takes To a lot of Time to create Compost Because of Its process.
No matter that compost tumbler is horizontal or vertical however it matters compounding step ought to follow . you’ll be able to place your compost tumbler static however you have got to produce one cracked handle to compounding of waste within.
You can method your waste into compost with low-cost, No extra money have to be compelled to pay over it.
It is maintenance free, No any breakdown happens if follow every and each step of composting.
Results very best quality Compost because of long method and activity.

Benefits:

Easy to compost with compost tumbler.
Low Cost Solution & best method.
help to reduce food waste.
make good quality Compost.


for a lot of details you’ll be able to visit klimrus or drop comment

Read more : Compost Tumblers Convert Waste into usefull Compost

How can we solve waste problem | Guidebest Compost.

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recycling Guidebest Compost Techniques.

 How can we solve waste problem?

There are To many Techniques available in the Market to dispose or Solve the Waste Management Problems, waste can recycle, Reuse. We can Convert Waste to Compost or We Can make gas. today waste problem are becoming very serious, and ordinary peoples are ignoring it, every people are thinking that waste problem is to much difficult and it is not easy to solve, but waste problem would not be Problematic if every people are eager to dispose waste in there own way, so dispose of waste is also not difficult, to dispose waste in your way the first step is segregation.

Waste problems have become a pressing issue for many countries, and it has become a global problem, and these can be dangerous to the human in future.  Every People Should think about our future, segregate plastic, E- Waste, or your worn-out shoes, you have to think about the appropriate waste management and disposal. Waste disposal is a lengthy but methodical process that includes burial, burning, recycling, discharge, and other processes.

Below are some Process Of Waste or Reuse or Recycle any type of Waste generated.

Recycling:

Waste Problem Solve by Composting

Recycling is perhaps the best sustainable long term solution for the waste management issues.The inorganic waste collected can be considered as a fodder for recycling. Plastic, metal, Paper, E waste are easily recyclable and can be reused further. However Recycling is mostly undertaken by formal sector. Generally speaking, Plastic, glass and metal is exchanged with kabadiwala at household levels. The kabadiwalas act as a intermediate between waste processing centers. The rest of plastic and metal collected come from a array of informal workers called as ragpickers which also include children as well. Mumbai is home to one the biggest slums in the world called Dharavi slums which surprisingly works as an industrial recycling unit as well. Dharavi’s 13th compound an area which is associated with recycling since decades. It currently employs more than 5000 people in the recycling industry. The area acts as a big segregation plant with collection of plastic, plastic drums, iron scrap, cotton scrap, empty bottles, glass etc.

Also Read: E waste and E waste impact on Urban India

Composting: 

Composting signifies biological decomposition of organic material. Microorganisms decompose the organic material to a stabilized product, i.e. compost. The end product can be used as soil conditioner. The compost generated consists of useful bacteria which can help plants with numerous benefits such as nitrogen fixation, helps soil for water retention, adds nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Thus benefits of compost are numerous and unlike the above alternatives this method seems viable and sustainable in the long run. It is also in sync with nature in general. Composting has the following benefits to agriculture and environment.

 

Waste Problem Solve by Composting

Environment

·  Directs waste away from landfills resulting in
·  less accumulation of garbage and reduces leach ate
·  production (which could contaminate underground resources )
·  Reduces foul odors
·  Avoids methane production in landfills
·  Helps in afforestation programme and
·  increases the suitability of plants.
·  Reduces need for landfill space*

Agriculture

    Helps maintain soil PH levels
·  Adds water retention capacity of the soil
·  Adds organic matter, humus which supplements the soil.
·  Reduces fertilizer requirement
·  Provides a market for compost making and
·  selling thus creating an extra income for the farmers
·  Compost attracts earthworms thus helping in better soil aeration.
·  Helps restore soil conditions as microbes are affected
·  with high usage of chemical fertilizers.